The EIN — Employer Identification Number — is your company's federal tax ID. You need it to open a business bank account, hire, and file taxes. Getting one is free; the process just differs depending on whether you have a US Social Security Number.
If you're a US resident with an SSN
The fastest route: apply directly on the IRS website. The online application issues your EIN immediately at no cost. Have your LLC's formation details ready. Avoid paid services that simply resell this free process unless you value the convenience.
If you're a non-resident without an SSN
This is the single most-searched pain point for foreign founders, and it's very doable. Without an SSN or ITIN you can't use the online tool, so you obtain the EIN by completing Form SS-4 and submitting it to the IRS by fax or mail. On the form, non-residents typically write "Foreign" where an SSN/ITIN would go.
Because the process is slower and easy to get wrong, many non-residents use a service that files the SS-4 for them — often bundled with formation. See the EIN without an SSN walkthrough.
IRS forms and fax numbers change. Always confirm the current Form SS-4 process on the official IRS website before filing, and never pay for an "EIN" as if the number itself costs money — it doesn't.
Frequently asked questions
Is an EIN free?
Yes. The IRS issues EINs at no charge. If you use a service, you're paying for convenience, not the EIN itself.
Can a non-resident get an EIN without an SSN?
Yes. Without an SSN or ITIN you can't use the online tool, but you can obtain an EIN by submitting Form SS-4 to the IRS by fax or mail.
How long does an EIN take?
Online (residents) is immediate. For non-residents by fax/mail it typically takes longer — often a few weeks.
Do I need an EIN to open a business bank account?
Yes, essentially always. Banks and fintechs require the EIN to open a US business account.